Bio Break: The Story of PCR and Taq Polymerase

Resources

Bio Break: The Story of PCR and Taq Polymerase

Sector: Diagnostics
Topic: Bio Break

In this episode of Bio Break, Joris van der Heijden and Nick Allan continue their exploration of nature-inspired innovations, focusing on one of the most transformative breakthroughs in molecular biology: the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its key component, Taq polymerase.

Joris recounts the discovery of Taq polymerase, an enzyme found in Thermus aquaticus, a heat-resistant bacterium discovered in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. This enzyme’s ability to withstand extreme temperatures made it foundational to PCR, a technique that revolutionized molecular biology, genetic testing, and forensic science. The discovery was a turning point, enabling scientists to replicate DNA at high temperatures without degrading the enzyme—a feat that has had a profound impact on laboratory research worldwide.

The hosts discuss the pivotal moments in PCR’s history, including its invention in 1983 by Kary Mullis, and its vast applications today, such as:

  • Infectious disease testing
  • Genetic screening and diagnostics
  • Forensic science and criminal investigations

They also delve into advancements in enzyme engineering, explaining how human ingenuity has improved the functionality of natural enzymes like Taq polymerase. Examples include the development of hot-start polymerases for precise DNA replication and proofreading enzymes for increased accuracy. Recent breakthroughs, like isothermal replication, eliminate the need for thermal cycling, simplifying workflows for medical devices.

This episode highlights how millions of years of evolution have provided tools that humanity can refine for critical applications. The story of Taq polymerase exemplifies the powerful synergy between nature and science, showcasing how discoveries rooted in the natural world can drive innovation in healthcare and beyond.

Whether you’re a scientist, engineer, or simply curious about the intersection of biology and technology, this episode offers a fascinating glimpse into how nature-inspired solutions are shaping the future of medical devices.

The Story of PCR and Taq Polymerase

YouTube video thumbnail

For Startups or Founders developing a device that incorporates novel technology or is like nothing else, the FDA breakthrough medical device program may be the best regulatory option. Learn more.

Futuristic laboratory with multiple glowing blue cylindrical tanks emitting mist. A red arrow points to one tank. Overlay text reads: ‘Bacta tank. For real?’ in bold white letters on a black background.

Star Wars Bacta Tank in Real Life

Ariana Wilson and Mark Drlik take inspiration from a scene in The Empire Strikes Back to talk about real-world parallels to the Star Wars bacta tank.

A medical professional wearing a white coat and blue gloves holds a red cooler labeled ‘Organ Transport.’ Overlay text reads: ‘The call came’ in bold black letters on a white highlight.

Organ Transplant Logistics in Device Design

In this Before the Build episode, Eric Olson and Paul Charlebois dive into the importance of organ transplant logistics when designing effective medical devices.

A vial of orange liquid with a radiation symbol and a syringe sit on a reflective metal surface in front of a large medical imaging machine. The overlay text reads: "Radioactive. On Purpose?" in bold black font on a white rounded background.

Radiopharmaceutical Device Development Explained

Radiopharmaceutical device development is gaining momentum as medical teams explore new frontiers in diagnostic imaging and cancer treatment.

Surgeon practicing on a surgical simulator during a medical training session in a clinical environment

The importance of a user-centered design approach to training: A case study

The simplest and least expensive way to train users of medical devices is to ask them study the Instructions for Use (IFU) beforehand.